What You Need to Know About Pituitary Tumors
Duke Expert Answers Frequently Asked Questions
From left, Denise Lally-Goss, ANP; Patrick Codd, MD; Leena Shahla, MD; and Jordan Komisarow, MD, work together as part of Duke's pituitary tumor team.
Pituitary tumors are abnormal growths in the pituitary gland, a pea-sized organ at the base of the brain that regulates hormones. Fortunately, these tumors are usually treatable and non-cancerous. Duke Health neurosurgeon Jordan Komisarow, MD, is part of a team of doctors who specialize in diagnosing and treating pituitary tumors. Here he answers frequently asked questions to help you decide where you should seek care.
How serious is a pituitary tumor?
Pituitary tumors are slow-growing and rarely life-threatening. According to Dr. Komisarow, many people find out they have a pituitary tumor accidentally, after undergoing an imaging scan for an unrelated problem. They often have no symptoms. On the other hand, pituitary tumors that are large can affect your vision. A subset of tumors produce harmful hormones and can significantly impact your quality of life. Regardless, all pituitary tumors should be managed by an experienced team of specialists to avoid serious complications.
How can a pituitary tumor affect the rest of my body?
Since the pituitary gland produces hormones, a pituitary tumor can affect any body system that involves hormones, including growth, metabolism, and reproduction. Symptoms can vary widely from fatigue to weight gain, infertility, sexual dysfunction, breast discharge, uncontrolled diabetes and blood pressure, and more. Large pituitary tumors can crowd nearby brain structures like the optic nerves, which can cause symptoms such as vision loss.
What are the most common treatments for a pituitary tumor?
If your pituitary tumor is low-risk and causing few or no symptoms, your best option may be to monitor the tumor with regular imaging and hormone testing, said Dr. Komisarow. Medications can help treat hormone imbalances. Surgery to remove the tumor is usually reserved for people experiencing significant symptoms or complications related to the tumor.
What doctors treat pituitary tumors?
Many types of doctors treat pituitary tumors since they can affect so many body functions. Even if you’re not a candidate for surgery, a neurosurgeon often serves as the point person for pituitary tumor care. Endocrinologists manage hormones and treat any resulting pituitary disorders. Neuro-ophthalmologists, eye doctors who specialize in treating vision problems caused by neurological conditions, treat vision loss. Other specialists who may be involved in your care include ear, nose, and throat (ENT) doctors, radiation oncologists, and plastic surgeons.
Where should I go for pituitary tumor treatment?
Dr. Komisarow recommends seeking treatment at a center like Duke, which offers an all-in-one pituitary clinic. This means you’ll see a neurosurgeon, endocrinologist, and neuro-ophthalmologist, all in one day and in one location. They offer comprehensive testing, review your test results, and discuss next steps.
“You want to find doctors who specialize in treating pituitary tumors, meaning it's not just a component of their practice, but it’s the center of their practice,” Dr. Komosarow said. “Especially if you need surgery, our team at Duke has the experience and technology to safely care for people that other institutions turn away due to risk of anesthesia or nerve damage. We want to help every patient we can.”
