Amyloidosis

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Amyloidosis is a collection of diseases that occurs when the body produces an abnormal protein called amyloid. More than 30 different types of proteins can lead to amyloidosis, which can damage your heart (called cardiac amyloidosis), kidneys, liver, gastrointestinal tract, nervous system, and other organ systems. Duke offers comprehensive testing to accurately diagnose your amyloidosis and its type. This saves you precious time and ensures you get the right treatment as soon as possible. 

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Common Types of Amyloidosis

The most common types of amyloidosis are:

  • AL amyloidosis. Also known as primary amyloidosis or light chain amyloidosis, AL amyloidosis is caused by abnormal plasma cells in the bone marrow. It can affect the lungs, heart, kidneys, liver, soft tissue, and nervous system.
  • ATTR amyloidosis. There are two main types of transthyretin amyloidosis (or ATTR): hereditary and wild-type. ATTR is a common cause of cardiac amyloidosis, when transthyretin proteins accumulate in your heart. ATTR can also cause amyloid neuropathy and damage to other organs and systems.  

Symptoms Often Overlooked
Since different organs may be involved, the symptoms of amyloidosis can be overlooked or attributed to other diseases. For example, with cardiac amyloidosis you may experience heart failure and heart rhythm abnormalities like atrial fibrillation. If your nervous system is damaged, you may experience numbness, tingling, or pain. If your kidneys are affected, you may experience foamy urine or kidney failure. Some people have no symptoms at all.

Our Locations

Duke Health offers locations throughout the Triangle. Find one near you.

Why Choose Duke

A Team of Amyloidosis Specialists
Because amyloidosis can affect different organs, our team of specialists includes hematologist/oncologists, cardiologists, kidney specialists, gastroenterologists, neurologists, and others. We have extensive experience treating amyloidosis and its complications and offer coordinated treatment recommendations and follow-up care. 

We Offer the Latest Treatments
While amyloidosis cannot be cured yet, existing treatments can slow the disease’s progression and help reverse organ dysfunction. We offer the latest treatment advances to limit your body’s production of amyloid protein and the complications that can occur.

Access to Promising New Therapies
You may have access to our ongoing clinical trials, which study new therapeutic approaches that are not widely available or accessible at most other hospitals. For example, we are exploring the use of new monoclonal antibodies to repair damage caused by amyloidosis.

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Consistently Ranked Among the Nation’s Best Hospitals

Duke University Hospital is proud of our team and the exceptional care they provide. They are why we are once again recognized as the best hospital in North Carolina, and nationally ranked in 11 adult and 10 pediatric specialties by U.S. News & World Report for 2024–2025.

This page was medically reviewed on 06/02/2023 by